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This research explores the legal protection of domestic doctors in Indonesia in response to the increasing utilization of foreign doctors (FDs) within the framework of knowledge transfer aimed at improving healthcare services. With the enactment of Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, the Indonesian government provides space for foreign doctors to practice with simplified licensing procedures, raising legal concerns regarding legal certainty, professional equality, and the rights of patients to clear and honest communication. This study uses normative juridical methods with statutory and conceptual approaches to analyze the legal framework surrounding this issue. The findings show that the implementation of simplified requirements for foreign doctors potentially threatens the professional standing of local doctors and risks violating patient rights. Recommendations include strengthening legal instruments and monitoring mechanisms to ensure that knowledge transfer objectives are met without compromising legal protection and healthcare quality. The legal framework provided by Law No. 17 of 2023 allows foreign doctors to practice with more straightforward licensing processes, but it raises concerns regarding the adequacy of regulatory oversight. Local doctors fear that the simplified procedures for foreign doctors may not guarantee the same level of competency, accountability, and ethical standards. Furthermore, the presence of foreign doctors could lead to a disparity in professional treatment and recognition, undermining the integrity of the medical profession in Indonesia. This study explores how these legal issues intersect with the broader goals of patient protection, ensuring that all medical practitioners, regardless of nationality, adhere to the highest standards of care and ethical conduct. The role of patient rights in this context is critical, as patients must receive clear and honest communication about the qualifications of the doctors treating them, ensuring their right to informed consent is upheld.

Sex reassignment of transsexual individuals is something that is quite viewed by many people, regarding the legal status of a person who undergoes sex reassignment surgery, especially with marriage in Indonesia, and the District Court Decree (PN) provides guidance and explanation regarding this matter. The nature of God Almighty creates two sexes between male and female, along with the development of science and technology, especially in the field of medicine for those who experience conditions can also be called Sex Reassignment Surgey as a form of treatment in order to match their soul. Therefore, the researcher analyzes how Islamic law and national law regulate the legal status of transsexuals after sex reassignment and its implications for their rights and analyzes the procedure for sex reassignment and its impact. The stages of analysis use the descriptive method and deductive mindset. The results of this study conclude about the replacement of transsexual genitals in the consideration of the judge and granting the application in accordance with Islamic law and national law based on Law number 4 of 2004 written in article 28 paragraph 1.