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This study aims to analyze the role of communication in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems in creating customer satisfaction at PT Bangkit Jaya Teknik Indonesia, a business-to-business (B2B) cold storage installation service company. The research background lies in the increasing number of customer complaints during 2022–2024, mainly due to delayed responses, suboptimal after-sales service, and the absence of a centralized communication record system. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews with internal parties (marketing project, project manager, project PIC) and customers, as well as company archival documentation. The findings reveal that responsive, open, and two-way communication plays a significant role in enhancing customers’ sense of being valued, trust, and loyalty, which ultimately fosters satisfaction. However, communication barriers such as delays in after-sales service, gaps between customer expectations and company procedures, and the lack of a communication database remain major challenges. To overcome these, the company has initiated strategies including the development of a customer communication database, improved after-sales monitoring, and the adjustment of communication standard operating procedures to align with customer needs. These results reinforce the relevance of Relationship Management theory and the IDIC model, both of which emphasize communication as the core of CRM. Theoretically, this study contributes to organizational communication studies, while practically, it provides recommendations for B2B service companies to prioritize communication in CRM strategies to strengthen customer satisfaction and loyalty.

This study aims to present a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of Intellectual Quotient (IQ), Emotional Quotient (EQ), and Spiritual Quotient (SQ) in an academic context, particularly focusing on the role of lecturers. Using bibliometric methods. The data for this study came from 300 English-language scientific articles published in 2023 from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The analysis was carried out using keyword co-occurrence techniques, overlay visualization, density visualization, and author collaboration networks. The findings show that there is a strong focus on developing conceptual frameworks and reviewing literature related to IQ, EQ, and SQ, indicating an effort to understand the integration of these three intelligences as the foundation for human resource development in higher education. However, several keywords were also found to be thematically irrelevant, suggesting challenges in data filtering or uniqueness of terminology between disciplines. Collaborative networks between authors tend to be fragmented, indicating the potential for fostering broader collaboration. The implications of this study theoretically reinforce the need for the integration of IQ, EQ, and SQ in understanding holistic intelligence, while practically encouraging higher education institutions to design lecturer development programs that balance these three aspects of intelligence to form superior character and performance

Macao's judicial system is rooted in the Portuguese judicial system (including Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands, all of which are rooted in the French judicial system), namely the inquisitor or non adversarial type of judiciary. is the term Magistrate is used in various systems of government and statutes to refer to the civil officers who administer the law. Both Indonesia and Macau adhere to the European continental legal system. However, in the role of the Prosecutor's Office and the Prosecutor's Office have differences and similarities in the implementation of their duties, functions and obligations. With this study of the role of the Prosecutor's Office, it is hoped that it can provide inspiration for the Attorney General's Office in Indonesia so that it can correct existing deficiencies. This research is a normative research (normative approach), that is, besides relying on normative research, the law is also coupled with a theoretical approach. Furthermore, in analyzing the data, a qualitative approach was used and it was also based on library-based studies, which means that the materials needed for research must be available in libraries, archives and databases, laws and other documents.