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Air quality in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta has shown a concerning decline in recent years, largely due to high emissions from motor vehicles as the main source of pollution in urban areas. The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta issued Governor Regulation Number 66 of 2020 concerning Exhaust Emission Testing for Motor Vehicles as a public policy instrument aimed at controlling air pollution. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the regulation from a public policy perspective and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its execution. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by qualitative analysis of policy documents and reports on the implementation of emission testing. The results reveal that the implementation of the regulation has not been optimal due to limited emission testing infrastructure, low levels of public awareness and socialization, and inconsistent enforcement of administrative sanctions. Nevertheless, there are opportunities to improve policy effectiveness through strengthened inter-agency coordination, digitalization of monitoring systems, and increased environmental literacy among the public. Therefore, the success of emission control policy implementation is highly dependent on resource support, regulatory consistency, and community awareness, necessitating a comprehensive and continuous multi-stakeholder improvement strategy and stronger commitment.

This study aims to analyze the regulation and implementation of the authority to test laws and regulations (judicial review) in the Indonesian state system based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This study applies a normative juridical method using three main approaches, namely the statute approach, the conceptual approach, and the historical approach. The legal data collected includes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are then reviewed through qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that normatively the division of judicial review authority between the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court has been expressly regulated in Article 24A paragraph (1) and Article 24C paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The Supreme Court is given the authority to test regulations under the law against the law, and the Constitutional Court is given the authority to test laws against the 1945 Constitution. This division of authority is a manifestation of the principle of separation of powers and the mechanism of checks and balances after the third amendment to the 1945 Constitution. However, in practice, this two-roof judicial review system tends to give rise to conceptual and practical problems, such as overlapping authority and differences in decisions between the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court which have the potential to create legal uncertainty and reduce public trust in the judicial institution. Therefore, it is necessary to reorganize the authority of judicial review by strengthening coordination between institutions or unifying the authority of judicial review which is centered on one institution only in order to guarantee legal certainty, harmonization of norms, and supremacy of the constitution in the Indonesian state system.  

Evidence is a fundamental element in the legal proof process that serves as the basis for judges to examine, assess, and decide cases in court. Along with the advancement of information technology, the form of evidence has evolved, including digital evidence such as screenshots of conversations through digital communication applications like WhatsApp. This study aims to analyze the legal position and evidentiary value of digital conversation screenshots within the Indonesian legal system. The research method uses a normative juridical approach by examining laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant court decisions. The results indicate that screenshots of conversations have legal recognition as electronic evidence; however, their evidentiary strength is limited and requires support from other forms of evidence. Judges apply the principle of Unus Testis Nullus Testis, meaning that screenshots cannot stand alone as sole evidence and must be supported by additional legal proof to fulfill the requirements of valid, complete, and convincing legal evidence.

The crime of receiving stolen goods, as regulated in Article 480 of the Criminal Code (KUHP), is an offence that plays a crucial role in the continuation of the principal crime, particularly theft. Receivers provide a market for stolen goods, thereby indirectly encouraging perpetrators to continue their actions. This article aims to analyse the implementation of Article 480 of the KUHP in judicial practice, with a focus on proving the element of ‘knowing or reasonably suspecting’ that the goods purchased were obtained through criminal activity. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach through direct observation of a trial at the M. District Court. The observations show that the panel of judges successfully proved the defendant's guilt as a fence through a series of trial facts, such as the unreasonable purchase price, consistent testimony from the perpetrator of the theft, and the defendant's own admission that he had been suspicious. The judge's decision, which was lighter than the prosecutor's demands, also reflected considerations of substantive justice and humanity in addition to legal certainty. This study concludes that the effective enforcement of Article 480 of the Criminal Code in court plays an important role in breaking the chain of crime and providing a deterrent effect not only for the main perpetrators but also for those who participate in enjoying the proceeds of crime.

The family is the smallest unit in society, within which rights and obligations exist as in social life in general. In fulfilling individual needs and interests, conflicts often arise, including disputes over inheritance distribution. Inheritance refers to the property left behind by a deceased person, which must be distributed to entitled heirs in accordance with Islamic law or customary law applicable within the community. Problems frequently emerge regarding the position of substitute heirs, particularly nephews, within the Islamic inheritance system. This study entitled “Various Aspects of Family Law in Indonesia: The Problematics of the Position of Nephews as Substitute Heirs in Islamic Law” aims to examine the status of substitute heirs in inheritance distribution and to identify the conditions under which substitute heirs are recognized in Islamic law. The research employs a normative method with a library-based approach, analyzing classical fiqh literature and scholarly opinions. The data consist of primary and secondary sources collected through document study. The findings indicate that a substitute heir is recognized when the primary heir dies after the testator but before the inheritance has been distributed, allowing the substitute heir to receive the share in accordance with Islamic legal provisions.

The rapid advancement of social media platforms has reshaped how people form and express their identities within digital environments, especially among university students. This research seeks to examine the extent to which personal use of social media influences the development of personal branding among students in the Digital Communication and Media Program at IPB University Vocational School. A quantitative research method with a survey approach was applied, involving 71 participants selected through random sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire employing a four-point Likert scale, and the data were analyzed through various statistical tests including validity and reliability assessments, classical assumption tests, Pearson correlation, simple linear regression, and determination coefficient using SPSS software. The results demonstrate that personal engagement with social media has a significant and positive relationship with students’ personal branding. Students who post consistently, produce high-quality content, and engage positively with audiences tend to project a stronger professional persona. Overall, the findings indicate that social media serves not only as a means of communication but also as an essential medium for developing one’s reputation and professional credibility in the digital age.  

This research discusses the role of the community in the formation of Regional Regulation (PERDA) Number 5 of 2021 in Takalar Regency from the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah. The aim of this research is to analyze: (1) the participation of fishermen in the formation of the PERDA, (2) the government's efforts in the protection and empowerment of fishermen, and (3) the dusturiyah perspective on the formation of the PERDA. The study uses a qualitative approach with field research methods, relying on interviews and observations as data collection techniques. Data processing is carried out through reduction and categorization, and its validity is tested through transferability, dependability, and credibility. The research findings show that fishermen have actively participated in activities organized by the local government. Protection and empowerment of fishermen are carried out in accordance with the mandate of PERDA No. 5 of 2021. The process of forming the PERDA is also in line with the principles of siyasah dusturiyah, such as alignment with the 1945 Constitution and national law, strengthening regional autonomy and decentralization, principles of welfare and social justice, as well as respect for human rights (HAM). Furthermore, it supports public participation, accountability, and the balance of economic development.

This study analyzes the urgency of digital expert testimony in strengthening the validity of electronic evidence in civil procedure law amid rapid technological transformation. The increasing use of digital communications, electronic transactions, and online documentation has given rise to new evidence in civil disputes, while its intangible and easily manipulated nature raises doubts about its authenticity and reliability. This study will focus on Decision Number 439 B/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2016. The study relies on primary legal sources, legislation, court decisions, and secondary legal literature analyzed qualitatively. The findings show that electronic evidence is legally admissible when it meets the requirements of accessibility, integrity, authenticity, and accountability, but its probative value is highly dependent on technical validation. In the case analyzed, the petitioner's challenge to print the chat evidence was rejected because the allegations of manipulation were unsubstantiated and no expert testimony was presented to support the claim. This shows that expert testimony plays a decisive role in explaining technical aspects beyond the knowledge of the court and in strengthening the court's conviction. This study concludes that digital experts serve as a bridge between technological complexity and legal assessment, ensuring that digital evidence is evaluated objectively. The implication for courts and related parties is must prioritize the involvement of experts to promote legal certainty, factual truth, and fair dispute resolution.

The crime of receiving stolen goods, as regulated in Article 480 of the Criminal Code (KUHP), is an offence that plays a crucial role in the continuation of the principal crime, particularly theft. Receivers provide a market for stolen goods, thereby indirectly encouraging perpetrators to continue their actions. This paper investigates how Article 480 of the KUHP in judicial practice, with a focus on proving the element of ‘knowing or reasonably suspecting’ that the goods purchased were obtained through criminal activity. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach through direct observation of a trial at the M. District Court. The observations show that the panel of judges successfully proved the defendant's guilt as a fence through a series of trial facts, such as the unreasonable purchase price, consistent testimony from the perpetrator of the theft, and the defendant's own admission that he had been suspicious. The judge's decision, which was lighter than the prosecutor's demands, also reflected considerations of substantive justice and humanity in addition to legal certainty. This study concludes that the effective enforcement of Article 480 of the Criminal Code in court plays an important role in breaking the chain of crime and providing a deterrent effect not only for the main perpetrators but also for those who participate in enjoying the proceeds of crime.  

Social media has evolved into more than just a means of communication; It now plays an important role in shaping the image of the institution, providing recognition, and increasing employee motivation and involvement, especially in public service institutions. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of Instagram @dinkopukmperindagkotaserang accounts on employee self-actualization at UPT Pasar Kota Serang. The method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with survey techniques. The population and sample in this study amounted to 40 employees, which were taken using the total sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software version 26, including validity tests, reliability tests, descriptive statistics, and simple linear regression. The results of the study show that the use of Instagram accounts has a significant influence on employee self-actualization. The determination coefficient value of 0.471 shows that 47.1% of the self-actualization variable is influenced by the use of Instagram accounts. These findings indicate that the better the content management and the higher the employee's involvement with the account, the higher the level of self-actualization achieved in carrying out their role as public servants. This study recommends optimizing institutional social media strategies as part of efforts to improve the quality of human resources and the effectiveness of public services.

The development of digital technology has fundamentally changed political communication patterns, especially among Generation Z who grew up in a social media ecosystem. This study aims to analyze the influence of political campaigns through Instagram on changes in political attitudes of students at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences at Bina Bangsa University. This study uses an explanatory quantitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through a survey using a closed questionnaire, which was distributed to 100 respondents. Data were analyzed using a simple linear regression test with the help of SPSS software version 25. The results of the study indicate that political campaigns on Instagram have a significant influence on changes in students' political attitudes. The dimensions of attitudes influenced include attention to issues, understanding of political messages, and acceptance of certain ideas or figures. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that credible, relevant, and communicative digital campaigns have great potential in shaping the political orientation of Generation Z. Therefore, adaptive communication strategies are needed as well as strengthening political and digital literacy among students to encourage more critical and responsible political engagement.

The rapid development of Islamic banking in Indonesia faces significant challenges in maintaining liquidity and profitability amidst dynamic capital market conditions. The urgency of this study arises from the need to examine whether traditional financial ratios, such as the Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) and Return on Equity (ROE), play a decisive role in influencing investment decisions, which are proxied by the Price to Earning Ratio (PER). The main objective of this research is to empirically test the effect of liquidity and profitability, both partially and simultaneously, on investment decisions in Islamic commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2025 period. This study adopts an associative design with a quantitative approach, utilizing secondary data from financial reports obtained from the IDX, and analyzed using multiple linear regression on 68 observation samples. The findings reveal that neither liquidity nor profitability significantly influence investment decisions, either partially or simultaneously. These results suggest that investors in the Islamic banking sector tend to prioritize non-financial factors such as sharia compliance, governance, macroeconomic conditions, and ESG trends, rather than conventional financial indicators. In conclusion, this research extends the understanding of the limitations of Signaling Theory in the sharia context and recommends the development of a more holistic investment evaluation model. Future studies are encouraged to incorporate non-financial variables for a more comprehensive analysis.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between parental social support and career exploration with career decision-making among unemployed young adults. Early adulthood, particularly between the ages of 18 and 25, is a crucial developmental period as individuals are required to become independent, build their identity, and determine their career direction. During this phase, many individuals face challenges such as career uncertainty and unemployment, making parental social support and career exploration skills important factors that can influence the quality of career decision-making. The subjects were job seekers aged 18 and 25, categorized as young adults. The sampling technique used probability sampling. The research instrument consisted of three scales: the career decision-making scale (29 items; α = 0.903), the parental social support scale (15 items; α = 0.893), and the career exploration scale (13 items; α = 0.921). Data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test to test the hypothesis, and reliability was measured using the Spearman-Brown method. The results of this study indicate a significant positive relationship between parental social support and career exploration with career decision-making among unemployed young adults. This finding indicates that the higher the social support provided by parents and the more active individuals are in exploring their career options, the better their ability to make appropriate career decisions. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of parental involvement in supporting children during the transition to the workforce and emphasize the need for intervention programs that systematically encourage career exploration among unemployed young adults. This is expected to enable individuals to develop more mature career decision-making capacities and thus be able to face the challenges of job uncertainty in the modern era.  

The development of digital technology has provided convenience in various aspects of life, but also presents new challenges in the form of cybercrime. One of the increasingly widespread modes in Indonesia is the spread of APK (Android Package Kit)-based malware via short messages offering fake job vacancies or fictitious package notifications. When the victim downloads and installs the application, the perpetrator gains access to personal data and banking accounts, which are then used for criminal acts. This phenomenon causes great financial and emotional losses for the community and tests the effectiveness of criminal law in dealing with technology-based cybercrime. This study uses a normative juridical approach with an analysis of laws and regulations, scientific literature, and actual case studies. The results of the study show that the perpetrators can be charged with Articles 30, 32, and 35 of the ITE Law, as well as provisions in the new Criminal Code. However, the implementation of law enforcement still faces challenges, such as digital evidence, limited investigator capacity, and minimal cross-country cooperation. Therefore, cyber law policy reform, increasing digital literacy in the community, and strengthening coordination between law enforcement agencies are needed.

The current Indonesian legal system recognizes two paths of judicial review, although this division of authority is constitutionally legal, but in practice it raises serious problems. One of them is the inconsistency of decisions between judicial institutions. For example, there is a Supreme Court decision that cancels Regional Regulations that have previously been studied by the Constitutional Court, causing confusion in the application of the law. This not only weakens the principle of legal certainty, but also raises problems in the effectiveness of the judicial system. This study aims to identify the concept of restructuring the ideal regulatory testing mechanism according to the principle of the state of law and the theory of norm hierarchy and analyze the need for restructuring the regulatory testing mechanism in Indonesia from the perspective of legal certainty, justice, and law enforcement effectiveness. The research method used in this study is normative juridical and uses a legislative approach. The results of the study show.  

This study aims to analyze the types of evidence used in inheritance cases and to assess their probative value based on the provisions of civil procedural law in Indonesia. Inheritance disputes are among the most complex matters in Indonesian civil law, involving not only the question of who is entitled to inherit but also the evidence used to prove such rights in court. This article discusses the various types of evidence used in inheritance cases, including documentary evidence, witness testimony, presumptions, confessions, oaths, and electronic evidence. The research employs a normative juridical approach and case studies. The findings indicate that understanding the types and probative value of evidence is crucial to the success of inheritance claims. This study is expected to enhance the understanding of civil procedural law in the context of inheritance litigation.

This study aims to analyze the role of fitness development in shaping the discipline and physical resilience of students at UPT SPF SD Negeri 107405 Sei Rotan. The research is motivated by the importance of holistic character education at the elementary level, where fitness does not only focus on physical fitness, but mental formation and discipline. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that structured activities, such as morning gymnastics, flag ceremonies, and scouting, succeeded in integrating the values of discipline, physical and mental resilience contextually. Students not only become fitter, but also show improvements in time discipline, cooperation, and resilience to challenges. This finding is strengthened by the testimony of teachers stating that routine habituation in the classroom creates a school culture that is conducive to character development. This study recommends the development of more creative and collaborative wellness programs involving parents and the community. The implications of this research provide a practical contribution to strengthening character education in elementary schools through a close approach.

This study examines the performance of the Banjarbaru City Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) in the recruitment of Government Employees with Work Agreements (PPPK). Using a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, this study evaluates performance based on five indicators: productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability. The results show that although BKPSDM has implemented a merit-based recruitment system through Computer Assisted Test (CAT), several challenges are still faced, such as technical constraints in the online system, limited formation quotas, and applicants' lack of understanding of administrative requirements. The research also identified supporting factors such as the regulatory framework, technology implementation, and the active role of BKPSDM in providing clear information to applicants. Recommendations include strengthening technological infrastructure, expanding socialization, optimizing complaint mechanisms, and proposing additional formation quotas to match regional needs.  

This study examines the application of the hermeneutical approach in Islamic studies from the perspective of contextual Islamic Religious Education (IRE). The problem underlying this research is the dominance of textual and normative learning patterns in Islamic education that are often disconnected from contemporary social and cultural realities. The study aims to describe the hermeneutic concepts of Fazlur Rahman’s “double movement” and Hans-Georg Gadamer’s “fusion of horizons” and to analyze their relevance in developing contextual IRE. This research employs a qualitative library research method by analyzing recent scientific literature (2021–2025) from national and international journals. The findings reveal that hermeneutics provides a methodological and philosophical foundation for transforming IRE from rote-based learning into reflective, dialogical, and contextual learning. This study concludes that hermeneutics can be used as a conceptual and practical framework to strengthen the relevance of Islamic education in addressing modern challenges. However, the study’s limitation lies in its theoretical nature, so further empirical research is recommended to test the effectiveness of hermeneutic-based pedagogical models in classroom settings.

The SIAP application (Presence Activation Information System) has been implemented at the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency since 2022. Although good attendance has been the first step, it also requires optimal bureaucratic performance as an effort to achieve institutional goals. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the use of the SIAP Application (Presence Activation Information System) has an influence on employee performance at the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM). This study used quantitative methods and involved the entire population, namely 38 employees of the Civil Service and Human Resources Development Agency. Data collection was carried out through distributing questionnaires to all BKPSDM employees as respondents, documentation and observation. The results of the analysis using the T test show that the significant value (0.002) is smaller than the probability of 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, which means "The use of the SIAP application has an influence on employee performance (Y)." Although the SIAP Application Usage Variable (X) and the Employee Performance Variable (Y) are related, respondents' responses show some shortcomings related to the use of the SIAP Application (Presence Activation Information System), such as unstable network access constraints. Nevertheless, good attendance still has a positive effect on improving employee performance. Employee Performance Evaluation shows deficiencies in the indicators of Quality, Quantity, Timeliness, and Independence.