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The construction of toll roads in Indonesia often causes land acquisition disputes, especially related to compensation for remaining land that is no longer productive. Although Article 65A paragraph (1) of Government Regulation No. 39 of 2023 provides the right for the community to demand compensation for the remaining land, practice on the ground shows a discrepancy between normative rights and the realization of compensation. This research uses a normative legal approach with legislative, conceptual, analytical, and case study methods, and refers to Dean G. Pruitt's Dispute Resolution Theory and Philipus M. Hadjon's Legal Protection Theory. The results of the study show that the non-litigation resolution mechanism (problem solving) is often ineffective due to the lack of education and facilitation from the authorities, so that people tend to take the path of litigation (contending) to fight for their rights. This condition reflects the weak legal protection for people affected by national strategic projects. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen legal education for the community and revise Government Regulation No. 39 of 2023 to include compensation for the remaining land that has lost its use value. This revision is important to ensure substantive justice and prevent the escalation of disputes. This research contributes to the development of a more responsive and equitable land acquisition policy, as well as encourages synergy between regulations, education, and effective dispute resolution mechanisms in the context of national infrastructure development.

Coal in Jambi is a problem that people continually complain about and causes traffic jams and damaged roads. Until the end of 2022, there are 51 coal mining companies operating in Jambi Province, spread across Sarolangun, Tebo, Batanghari and Muaro Jambi. The Jambi provincial government is preparing alternative coal transportation routes via land and water. This research uses quantitative research with a descriptive format, aimed at explaining, summarizing various conditions, various situations or various variables that arise in the community which is the object of the research based on what happens. Then bring to the surface the character or description of the condition, situation or variable. The results of observations from questionnaires that have been distributed by students hope that this alternative will reduce the level of traffic jams and the number of accidents that occur in the community. The Governor of Jambi, Al Haris, has made various efforts in alternative development in his province. Students hope that this alternative will reduce the level of traffic jams and accidents that occur in society. The Governor of Jambi, Al Haris, has made various efforts in alternative development in his province. One of them is controlling the use of coal transport vehicle plates to repair roads. Apart from that, the provincial government is also discussing the issue of coal transport and the construction of special roads for coal transport. The Governor also admits that his authority is limited in matters of coal transport, but various efforts have been made. carried out, including opening alternative roads and giving lambuk numbers to coal transport. Apart from that, Governor Al Haris also stated the ban on coal transport via national roads and the importance of the progress of Jambi City as a barometer for the development of Jambi province. However, despite this, we can also feel that currently the accident rate is still there.