Publication Search

The China government’s provision of foreign aid to Djibouti illustrates a strategic shift from traditional development assistance to a tool for advancing national interests and consolidating geopolitical influence. This study explores how China utilizes foreign aid to secure geopolitical influence and pursues economic objective in the Horn of Africa. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with secondary data sources and guided by the Foreign Aid and Donor Interest Model, this study finds that projects such as the Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (DIFTZ) and other infrastructure developments represent more than just economic cooperation, they are part of a broader strategic agenda to consolidate China’s presence in the region. These initiatives are predominantly carried out by China state-owned enterprises that not only sign major construction and development contracts but also import China workers to execute the projects. The findings suggest that China’s aid is interest-based, serving to establish economic networks, expand military reach, and secure crucial global trade routes.

The development of digital technology based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) has had a significant impact on society, including the emergence of new crimes such as deepfake pornography. Deepfake pornography is a form of AI misuse that creates fake pornographic content by manipulating a person's face into a video or image without consent. This phenomenon raises complex legal issues within the Indonesian criminal law system. This study aims to examine how Indonesian criminal law regulates AI deviations in the form of deepfake pornography and to assess the effectiveness of these regulations in providing legal protection. This research uses a normative approach with qualitative analysis methods and the theory of legal effectiveness as the analytical tool. The research findings indicate that AI deviations in the form of deepfake pornography are not specifically regulated in Indonesia's positive criminal law. The applicable regulations are still general in nature, scattered across several laws such as the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law), Personal Data Protection Law, Pornography Law, Sexual Violence Criminal Act Law, Copyright Law, and the Criminal Code (KUHP), which do not comprehensively address the technological aspects and psychosocial impacts of this crime. Based on Soerjono Soekanto's theory of legal effectiveness, the existing regulations are not yet effective, as seen from the legal substance, law enforcement, legal facilities and infrastructure, community factors, and legal culture. Therefore, a responsive legal reform is needed to keep pace with digital technological developments, along with strengthening the capacity of law enforcement institutions.

The existence of the Regional Public Company (PERUMDA) of Kupang City aims to distribute water to residents in the surrounding areas. This study aims to evaluate the performance of PERUMDA in providing clean water services in Alak District, Kupang City. This research employs a combination of juridical and empirical approaches. The study was conducted at the PERUMDA Kupang City office and in the Alak District area of Kupang City during January 2025. The population in this study includes all PERUMDA employees and drinking water customers in Alak District, Kupang City. The sample was obtained using purposive sampling techniques, consisting of the head of the customer relations division (1 person), PERUMDA employees (10 people), and community members who use PERUMDA services (50 people), resulting in a total sample of 61 respondents. Data were collected through document review and in-depth interviews guided by an interview protocol. Based on the interview results, it was found that clean water services provided by PERUMDA were still suboptimal. Although PERUMDA Kupang City already has Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), the implementation in the field still faces various obstacles, such as unequal distribution of clean water, limited infrastructure, occasional poor water quality, ineffective complaint handling systems, and outstanding payment arrears. PERUMDA Kupang City needs to expand its clean water distribution network, improve water quality, strengthen the customer complaint system, and conduct education and outreach to the community regarding the importance of efficient water use and the obligations of the community as service users.

This study aims to analyze the form of criminal liability imposed on perpetrators of corruption involving internet village funds in Flores Timur Regency. Corruption in the management of village funds, particularly those allocated for internet infrastructure development, has become a serious concern due to its direct impact on the quality of public services and the welfare of rural communities. This research employs a normative juridical method with a case approach and the analysis of relevant statutory regulations. Data were obtained through literature study and case documentation. The findings indicate that perpetrators of corruption in the internet village fund program can be held criminally liable under Law Number 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption. Criminal liability involves elements of fault, unlawful acts, and state financial losses. In addition, the role of law enforcement agencies and public oversight are crucial factors in the enforcement of laws against such criminal acts.

This study examines the performance of the Banjarbaru City Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) in the recruitment of Government Employees with Work Agreements (PPPK). Using a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, this study evaluates performance based on five indicators: productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability. The results show that although BKPSDM has implemented a merit-based recruitment system through Computer Assisted Test (CAT), several challenges are still faced, such as technical constraints in the online system, limited formation quotas, and applicants' lack of understanding of administrative requirements. The research also identified supporting factors such as the regulatory framework, technology implementation, and the active role of BKPSDM in providing clear information to applicants. Recommendations include strengthening technological infrastructure, expanding socialization, optimizing complaint mechanisms, and proposing additional formation quotas to match regional needs.  

This study is motivated by the issue of criminalizing drug couriers, who in judicial practice are often equated with the main perpetrators, even though in reality they occupy a subordinate position in the drug distribution network. The lack of clarity in the differentiation of roles in Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics has led to the application of criminal liability that tends to be formalistic and has the potential to disregard substantive justice. This study aims to analyze the form of criminal liability of Class I drug couriers and assess whether the Pekanbaru District Court Decision Number 119/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Pbr has reflected justice in the imposition of criminal penalties. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that the criminal liability imposed on couriers in the verdict is direct as the main perpetrator, without considering the theory of the perpetrator's role, degree of fault, and the defendant's capacity to be held responsible. The judge emphasized the fulfillment of the elements of the act as formulated in Article 114 of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, without adequate analysis of the mens rea and the factual contribution of the courier in the structure of the crime. Justice in this study is understood as substantive justice, which requires consistency between the punishment, role, and degree of fault of the perpetrator. Proportional punishment is interpreted as the imposition of sanctions that clearly distinguish between couriers as subordinate actors and the main actors who control the narcotics network. This study concludes that the criminal liability of narcotics couriers must be based on individualization of punishment and proportionality so that law enforcement not only fulfills legal certainty but also reflects substantive justice.  

This study evaluates the policy implementation of the face recognition system at Surabaya Gubeng Station as a digital innovation in public service by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero). Using a qualitative approach and the policy evaluation model by William N. Dunn, the study assesses six key indicators: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, responsiveness, accuracy, and equity. The findings indicate that the system is effective in accelerating the boarding process, reducing queues, and improving passenger convenience. Efficiency is achieved through reduced staff workload and automated identity verification. However, several challenges remain, including technical disruptions, data input errors, and low digital literacy among users. Personal data protection is also a concern as most users are not fully aware of how their biometric data is managed. Therefore an adaptive governance strategy is needed, involving infrastructure improvement, staff training, public education, and greater transparency in data policy. With these measures, the face recognition system can serve not only as a tool for technical efficiency but also as a form of inclusive and sustainable public service transformation.

Indonesia is one of the developing countries, to carry out fair and equitable development throughout Indonesia, there is a need for sufficient energy as a driving motor for development itself. Electricity distribution in Pekanbaru, as in other regions of Indonesia, is handled by the State Electricity Company (PLN) as the largest electricity supply company in Indonesia. PT. PLN (Persero) Pekanbaru ULP Panam branch as one of SOEs that aims to provide services in the field of electricity to the community (Public Utility). Organizational structure that is a primary and absolute requirement for increasing employment, responsibility and achievement of established goals. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze PT.PLN services in handling customer complaints and identify and analyze the inhibitory factors of PT.PLN services in handling customer complaints. This study used Zeithaml's theory of five indicators: Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Emphathy. The methods used in this study are qualitative research methods that are descriptive. With data collection techniques, observation interviews and documentation. The service provided by PLN ULP Panam is still insufficient because of the many customer complaints that resulted in the service process being hampered. The service provided by the officers is not sufficient in responding to customer complaints and the SOP or Service Standards for officers in handling customer complaints do not exist. PLN ULP Panam must take this problem seriously because if there is no SOP or Service Standard, it is detrimental to the service process provided to customers.

HIV/AIDS is an infectious disease which is a sensitive health issue to be discussed. HIV/AIDS can also cause loss of the immune system in humans. Pekanbaru City is the area with the most cases of HIV/AIDS in Riau Province. The purpose of this study was to find out collaborative governance in preventing HIV/AIDS in Pekanbaru City and to identify the inhibiting factors in preventing HIV/AIDS in Pekanbaru City. This study uses Purwanti's theory in Aziz Arrasyid (2021) which uses 3 indicators, namely: principled engagement, shared motivation and capacity for joint action. This study uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The informants of this study, namely the Pekanbaru City AIDS Commission (KPA), the Pekanbaru City Health Office and other related institutions conducted interviews, observations and documentation so that the required data were obtained such as primary data and secondary data and then analyzed so that conclusions could be drawn from the existing problems. The results of this study can be said to be not optimal, because there are still inhibiting factors in its implementation, namely the low participation of the community, especially the suspect community who are reluctant to admit to avoid discrimination from the surrounding community and the limited infrastructure provided.

Currently tourism in Indonesia is growing very rapidly. The role of stakeholders is very necessary in planning a tourist destination because it can help to develop tourism potential in a village. This research focuses on discussing community based tourism development collaboration at Pacu jalur events in Kuantan Singingi Regency and what factors inhibit collaboration in community-based tourism development at Pacu jalur events in Kuantan Singingi Regency. The aim of this research is to find out how collaborative community based tourism development is at the pacu jalur event in Kuantan Singingi Regency and what are the inhibiting factors for collaboration in community based tourism development at the pacu Jalur event in Kuantan Singingi Regency using the pentahelix model of 5 stakeholders. This study used qualitative research is descriptive methods. This research found that the roles of each stakeholder are: academics focus on tourism planning based on existing theories, the government focuses on policy makers in developing tourism potential, business actors as nails in creating added value and maintaining economic growth in the surrounding area, and the role of the role of the community is to help manage tourism potential and the role of the media is to promote and help inform the wider community about the spur route. The research results found that collaborative governance has run quite optimally. The inhibiting factors in community-based tourism development collaboration were also revealed, namely, a) Lack of pentahelix coordinators in the development of Pacu jalur tourism, b) Lack of support for road infrastructure access in the development of Pacu jalur tourism, c) Low creativity and innovation at Pacu jalur tourism locations. Through this research, it can be used as an evaluation so that it can increase the efforts of the Department of Tourism and Culture in developing tourist attractions leading to national events. 

This study describes how dysfunction in the family up to divorce leads to the religious court in Kampung Baru sub-district, Tanjung Pinang Barat. The purpose of the researcher is to discuss how family functions do not work in the new village. This study analyzed theoretically sociology to know about family functions that are applied and not implemented in the family. Approach This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach by means of data collection techniques in this study using semi-structured interviews, observation and documentation, determining informants using Purvose sampling technique with 6 informants, namely 2 informants as perpetrators of family functions not working, 2 informants as victims of family dysfunction, and 1 religious court staff informant in tanjungpinang. The results of this study indicate several family functions that do not work in some communities in the new village such as the function of love which does not work resulting in infidelity, the reproductive function which does not work resulting in divorce within the family and the economic function which does not work resulting in abandonment of families such as children whose needs not enough.

The low quality of public services is still a classic problem in Indonesia. Therefore, it is time for the government to implement e-government as an effort to improve services to the community. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of making online SKCK at MPP Pandeglang Regency as an implementation of e-government and to determine the factors that support and hinder e-government at MPP Pandeglang Regency. The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, a case study of making online SKCK at the Pandeglang Regency MPP. This research found that the effectiveness of e-government as seen from the indicators of productivity, adaptability, job satisfaction and general development is good. The supporting factor is the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the lack of human resources and inappropriate placement of officers. This research has the implication that the e-government services provided should be socialized first so that they can be implemented optimally in society.

The development of digital technology has had a significant impact on the use of demand deposits in the trading business. This discussion aims to analyze the effect of the application of digital technology on the use of demand deposits in the retail industry. Several retail companies are still facing challenges related to technological infrastructure and the availability of reliable internet access. In order to optimize the use of demand deposits in the trading business with the adoption of digital technology, retail companies need to involve employees in training and developing technology skills. Attention to data protection and customer privacy is also required and the development of strategies to promote consumer acceptance of digital payment methods.    

This study examines the genealogical transformation of the Neosufi order in Indonesia, focusing on the shift from a private-ritual institution to an active and open social movement in the public space. Through a qualitative approach based on literature study and hermeneutic analysis, this paper highlights how the Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Order (TQN) Suryalaya represents a new form of Sufism that combines spiritual depth with collective social action. This transformation is seen in various fields, ranging from drug rehabilitation, Islamic boarding school education, to spirituality-based economic empowerment. The order is no longer just a space for contemplation, but also plays a role in the process of social reconciliation, moral advocacy, and expansion into the public space through digital media. However, this dynamic also raises genealogical problems in the form of spiritual symbolization by the state, co-optation of power, and ambiguity in the interpretation of modernity. Indonesian Neosufism is a contextual response to spiritual and social crises, as well as a field of negotiation between the legacy of tradition, the demands of modernity, and the structure of state power. This study is a development of the author's dissertation and academic book manuscript that is being prepared for publication, thus presenting theoretical and practical contributions to the study of Sufism and social development.  

The purpose of this study was to find out how the implementation of Premarital Guidance at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) of Kapur IX District and what materials were given by religious counselors at KUA of Kapur IX District during premarital guidance. The research method that the author uses in writing this article is a descriptive qualitative research method with data collection techniques through observation, documentation, and interviews. The sources of data from this study were extension workers at KUA Kapur IX District and books related to this research. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of Premarital Guidance at the KUA of Kapur IX District is carried out every Thursday starting at 10.00 WIB until it is finished. The methods used in providing premarital guidance to the bride and groom are lecture, discussion, and question and answer methods. In the implementation of premarital guidance at KUA Kapur IX District there were several supporting and inhibiting factors in achieving the successful implementation of the premarital guidance. The supporting factors are the willingness of the bride and groom, adequate facilities and infrastructure, and professional extension workers. And the inhibiting factor in the implementation of premarital guidance is that there are still prospective brides who are not punctual in following the guidance and there are still prospective brides who consider this premarital guidance not so important. The pre-marital guidance material given by the counselor to the bride and groom is material about the purpose of marriage, husband and wife's obligations, attitudes that support the realization of a happy/sakinah family, rules for husband and wife association, first night etiquette, mandatory bathing, times when it is forbidden to associate with the husband wife, things that are prohibited in the household, things that can disturb the harmony of the household, and so on.