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This study examines students’ understanding and application of Qawāʿid al-Fiqhiyyah in their daily muamalah practices and its implications for their ethical behavior. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research involved twenty students who provided data through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations. The findings indicate that most students possess a solid understanding of the function of legal maxims as general principles guiding Islamic legal reasoning and as analytical tools for addressing contemporary issues. They are able to apply Qawāʿid al-Fiqhiyyah in various modern activities, such as digital transactions, social interactions, and financial management, which helps them act with greater caution, fairness, and responsibility. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including difficulties in understanding Arabic terminology, limited contextual examples, and environments that do not always support consistent application. This study concludes that strengthening practical understanding and contextual learning is essential for Qawāʿid al-Fiqhiyyah to function effectively as a moral and Sharia-based guide for students navigating the complexities of modern life.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in the Indonesian economy, especially in facing economic crises such as the 1998 monetary crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. MSMEs are at the forefront in creating jobs and contributing to economic growth, even though they face various challenges, including capital problems. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. This research uses primary data collected from interviews with the owner of Pajeng Cokelat. Pajeng Cokelat is a micro business located in Blitar and makes various kinds of processed chocolate to be used as snacks. The owner of Pajeng Cokelat is active in participating in training activities aimed at improving skills both related to marketing and the products produced. The results of this research highlight the government's efforts to overcome capital problems through programs such as People's Business Credit (KUR) and business training. However, increasing financial literacy is needed, especially in the context of sharia finance, to support the sustainable growth of MSMEs. By overcoming these challenges, MSMEs can continue to play a role in driving the national economy.

This study aims to determine the effect of ujrah and tabarru' funds on investment income in Islamic life insurance companies in Indonesia for the 2016-2021 period, the effect of Ujrah on investment income in Islamic life insurance companies in Indonesia for the 2016-2021 period, the effect of Tabarru' funds on investment income in Islamic life insurance companies in Indonesia for the 2016-2021 period, do Ujrah and Tabarru' Funds affect investment income in Islamic life insurance companies in Indonesia for the 2016-2021 period, and how much influence do Ujrah and Tabarru' Funds have on investment income in life insurance companies sharia in Indonesia for the 2016-2021 period. The method used in this study is quantitative, by taking financial data samples from 6 companies in the 2016-2021 period, namely PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife Indonesia, PT Prudential Life Assurance, PT Asuransi Takaful Keluarga, PT Asuransi Jiwa Sinarmas MSIG, PT Asuransi Jiwa Central Asia Raya. , PT. BNI Life Insurance Syariah. Based on the results of the calculation of the simultaneous regression coefficient test (Test f) it can be concluded that the variable Ujrah (X1) and Tabarru' Funds (X2) have an effect on investment income (Y), namely Fcount 159.129 > Ftable 3.28, with a significance value of 0.000 <0 ,05. And test the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.900. This shows that the Ujrah and Tabarru Fund variables have an effect on investment income, namely 90.0%, while the remaining 10.0% is influenced by other variables that are not included and not examined in this study.