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The development of the digital economy has driven increased customer interaction through online chat services, making customer satisfaction a key factor in business success. Response speed and chat service quality are two important aspects in shaping the customer experience, but previous research has tended to examine them separately. This study aims to analyze the influence of online chat services and response speed on customer satisfaction partially and simultaneously. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review of 12 scientific articles from 2020–2025 obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar and SINTA. The analysis technique used is descriptive-critical through the identification, comparison, and synthesis of previous research findings. The results show that online chat services have a positive effect on customer satisfaction, primarily through interaction quality such as information accuracy, ease of use, and problem-solving ability. Response speed has also proven to be an important determinant, where a fast response significantly increases customer satisfaction. However, speed without quality has the potential to decrease satisfaction. The discussion shows that the two variables have a complementary and inseparable relationship. Online chat services function as a medium for interaction, while response speed is a quality attribute that determines the effectiveness of the service. Therefore, the integration of both in one model is the main contribution of this research in filling the literature gap, especially in the context of e-commerce in Indonesia.

This research aims to determine the effect of organizational support, work environment, and communication on employee performance at the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office (DPM-PTSP) of Muaro Jambi Regency, both partially and simultaneously. The method used is quantitative analysis with a population and sample consisting of all 44 employees, determined through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected using a Likert scale-based questionnaire, and the analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software. The results of the study showed that (1) organizational support has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (2) work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (3) communication has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, and (4) organizational support, work environment, and communication simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The recommendations/suggestions from this research are expected to improve employee performance by enhancing organizational support through fair task distribution, reward programs, and development opportunities; creating a comfortable and well- equipped work environment that encourages productivity; and strengthening effective communication between superiors and subordinates as well as among employees through regular meetings and discussion forums.

This study aims to examine the challenges and strategies of Management Study Program students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UINSU) in understanding online lecture materials. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of closed questionnaires distributed to 25 respondents of fourth semester students. The results showed that although there were still technical problems such as unstable internet connections, the majority of students were able to adapt to the online learning system. The most dominant learning strategies used are active and independent strategies, such as reading, taking notes, repeating material, watching learning videos, and managing study time. In addition, group discussions through media such as WhatsApp and Telegram also help clarify understanding of the material. Students also rely on learning materials provided by lecturers through digital platforms (PDF, video, and LMS) as the main source of independent learning. This study concludes that students' success in understanding online lecture materials is strongly influenced by a combination of active learning strategies, group collaboration, and material support provided by lecturers. Therefore, continuous collaboration between students, lecturers, and institutions is needed to create a more effective and inclusive online learning system.

This study discusses how corporate governance (Good Corporate Governance/GCG) plays a role in reducing and controlling financial risk in an organization. Financial risk is an inseparable aspect of business activities, especially when companies face unstable and challenging market conditions. Therefore, a governance system is needed that can help companies recognize potential risks early on, as well as set appropriate handling strategies to minimize their impact on business continuity. The method used in this study is a literature study, namely by collecting secondary data from scientific journals and trusted articles that are relevant to the topic. The discussion includes theoretical foundations related to GCG principles, corporate governance structures, and financial risk mitigation steps. In addition, the role of the government in providing regulatory support is also discussed as part of the external factors that affect the effectiveness of corporate governance. From the results of the analysis, it is known that the application of GCG principles such as transparency, accountability, and responsibility has a major influence on the company's resilience in facing financial risks. A clear organizational structure and strong supervision allow companies to manage risks systematically. In other words, GCG makes a real contribution to strengthening a sustainable and adaptive risk management system to changes in the business environment.

This study aims to analyze the influence of working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership on the profitability of consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, while also examining company size as a moderating variable. The consumer goods sector, which has a large market potential in Indonesia, makes it essential to understand how these financial aspects affect company performance. Working capital management plays a crucial role in maintaining liquidity and operational efficiency, leverage determines the extent to which companies rely on debt financing, and institutional ownership reflects external monitoring that can drive managerial discipline. Company size is considered a moderating factor that could strengthen or weaken these relationships, especially in influencing profitability levels. Using a quantitative approach, the research findings reveal that each of the main variables—working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership—partially and significantly affects profitability. More specifically, company size is found to moderate the effect of leverage on profitability, indicating that larger firms may be better positioned to optimize debt usage compared to smaller firms. This study not only provides empirical evidence regarding financial determinants of profitability but also enriches the discussion on how moderating factors such as firm size can influence the dynamics of corporate financial performance. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including managers seeking to optimize financial policies, investors evaluating company performance, and academics or researchers interested in exploring further implications for corporate governance and financial strategy in emerging markets like Indonesia. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of managing financial variables strategically to sustain profitability in the highly competitive consumer goods industry.

His thesis aims to find out how the financial performance of PT Lontar Papyrus Pulp & Paper Industry is. The research here uses qualitative research methods through descriptive analysis methods. as well as collecting information through documentation and discussions with related parties. The results of research on the Financial Performance of PT Lontar Papyrus Pulp & Paper Industry show that the current ratio of PT. LPPPI shows good conditions. Ratio The average current ratio for 3 years is 217.38%. The average value of PT LPPPI's quick ratio for the 2021-2023 period is 198.35%. The average value of PT LPPPI's cash ratio in the 2021-2023 period is 33.76%. The average value of Total Assets to Debt Ratio is 41.69%. The average value of the debt to equity ratio is 70.96%. The average value of PT LPPPI's profit margin for the 2021-2023 period is 24.84%. PT LPPPI's Return On Assets Ratio (ROA) results in the 2021-2023 period averaged 5.72%. PT LPPPI's Return on Assets Equity (ROE) ratio in the 2021-2023 period averaged 7.8%.

The Suzuki XL7 is one of the car models produced by PT Suzuki Indomobil Sales (SIS) in Indonesia. Since its launch in 2020, the car has undergone significant development, especially with the introduction of a hybrid variant in 2023. This article aims to analyze the import and export phenomenon of the Suzuki XL7 from 2019 to 2024, as well as the challenges faced in the process. Through an in-depth literature review, this research will explore the various variables that influence the success of the Suzuki XL7 in the domestic and international markets. The research method used is literature analysis, which involves collecting data from various reliable sources. The discussion will cover market analysis, marketing strategies, as well as case studies related to challenges and solutions in the face of global competition. The conclusion of this research will provide a comprehensive overview of the Suzuki XL7's position in the Indonesian and global automotive industry.

In recent years, the issue that has become a hot topic of discussion among both the national and international communities is the issue of environmental damage. Therefore, in the economic context, there is a need for a transformation towards a green economy. The Indonesian government is promoting the TPB/SDGs Indonesia 2030 program. Realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 is a shared responsibility that requires participation from all sectors, including the government, civil society, and the private sector. Therefore, considering the importance of sustainable development in the field of investment itself, several global organizations have established a measure that calculates sustainable development known as ESG investing. ESG consists of Environment, Social, and Governance, which adds value to companies that care about and think about the environment, such as issues related to carbon emissions, water and air pollution, and other environmental issues. This research aims to determine the role of the younger generation as agents of change through ESG Investment in realizing the 2030 SDGs. The research method utilized in this scientific paper is a combination research method with data collection through literature review. This research is expected to provide insights into the urgency of the younger generation in realizing the 2030 SDGs.

Operational management is part of the work process, implementation, organization, or overall management in an organization or company. Our country has experienced difficulties since the implementation of PSBB. This also has an impact on the economy in Indonesia. Every company will compete to be at the forefront to meet consumer needs in the market in order to survive in the midst of competition. The type of research conducted in the discussion of this article is by using literature studies or literature reviews, The data sources used in this study are secondary data which are types of data that come from documents or other secondary sources Several supporting aspects for the company, Project Management, Process Strategy, Quality Management, Forecasting Management, and Strategic Location.

This research aims to identify and analyze effective tactics used by teachers in increasing the learning motivation of fifth grade students at Tempel Elementary School. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The research results show that several effective tactics include: (1) Project-Based Learning Approach which involves students in practical and relevant activities, (2) Use of varied learning media such as educational videos and teaching aids to make lessons more interesting, (3) Providing Constructive Feedback that helps students feel valued and motivated, (4) Creation of a Positive and Supportive Classroom Environment that makes students feel safe to participate, and (5) Use of Interactive Learning Methods such as group discussions and educational games that increase students' active participation. These findings indicate that these strategies effectively increase students' learning motivation, which contributes to increasing their participation, interest and learning outcomes. This research provides practical implications for teachers in developing effective teaching strategies and becomes a reference for developing teacher training programs and educational policies that support the creation of a learning environment that motivates students.    

This study aims to find out how far the implementation of the Pangandaran Regency Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2015 concerning the Management of Zakat, Infaq and Shodaqoh for Poverty Alleviation in Pangandaran Regency, what are the obstacles and to find out what efforts have been made by the Pangandaran Regency National Amil Zakat Agency to overcome these obstacles . The Pangandaran Regency National Amil Zakat Agency, hereinafter referred to as Regency BAZNAS, is an institution that carries out national zakat management in Pangandaran Regency. BAZNAS Pangandaran Regency is a Zakat Management organization formed by the Government with the task of collecting, distributing and utilizing zakat in accordance with Islamic religious provisions and applicable laws and regulations. In this study the method used was a qualitative approach with data collection techniques using observation and interviews. From the results of the research and discussion, it shows that the implementation of the Regional Regulation of Pangandaran Regency Number 5 of 2015 concerning Management of Zakat, Infaq and Shodaqoh for Poverty Alleviation in Pangandaran Regency has not been carried out properly. This is evidenced by the lack of effective communication between the BAZNAS of Pangandaran Regency and the Regional Head as a political position as well as the regional Secretariat whose job is to assist regional heads in formulating policies and coordinating regional offices and regional technical institutions. The absence of strict sanctions from the regional head to civil servants who do not comply with these regulations has hindered poverty alleviation from Zakat, Infaq and Shodaqoh funds collected by BAZNAS. Zakat, Infaq and Shodaqoh carried out by BAZNAS did not reach the target, as a result the assistance distributed by BAZNAS tended to be consumptive funds with little value. Lack of quality and quantity of Human Resources for BAZNAS Pangandaran Regency, so when the aid funds were channeled for business capital assistance, BAZNAS Pangandaran Regency did not provide assistance and utilization of beneficiaries, so that the funds received were ultimately not optimal for poverty alleviation, and led to when the business capital runs out, in the end the business closes.