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The development of the digital economy has driven increased customer interaction through online chat services, making customer satisfaction a key factor in business success. Response speed and chat service quality are two important aspects in shaping the customer experience, but previous research has tended to examine them separately. This study aims to analyze the influence of online chat services and response speed on customer satisfaction partially and simultaneously. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review of 12 scientific articles from 2020–2025 obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar and SINTA. The analysis technique used is descriptive-critical through the identification, comparison, and synthesis of previous research findings. The results show that online chat services have a positive effect on customer satisfaction, primarily through interaction quality such as information accuracy, ease of use, and problem-solving ability. Response speed has also proven to be an important determinant, where a fast response significantly increases customer satisfaction. However, speed without quality has the potential to decrease satisfaction. The discussion shows that the two variables have a complementary and inseparable relationship. Online chat services function as a medium for interaction, while response speed is a quality attribute that determines the effectiveness of the service. Therefore, the integration of both in one model is the main contribution of this research in filling the literature gap, especially in the context of e-commerce in Indonesia.

In facing the changes that occur, companies have difficulty following new regulations because of differences with previous regulations. Companies must be able to optimize functions in all parts of the company organization in order to maintain long-term competitiveness and achieve sustainable success. These rules are formed in standard operational procedures which contain operational procedures to ensure consistency, efficiency, minimize errors and safety in every work activity in the company so that it can run effectively and efficiently. This research aims to know the procedures for creating a Work Procedure System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the procedure for creating a Work Procedure System. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The technique used in this research involved conducting interviews, observation and documentation supported by 2 informants. Based on the results of this research, the procedure for creating a Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan consist of eight structured stages, starting from preparation to the implementation below 1%. The suggestions provided to maximize performance emphasize the importance of effective communication and management commitment to overcoming obstacles in the creation of the Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan.

As company organizations develop, the need for training both functionally and technically is very necessary, apart from filling positions but also in order to meet the demands of work and service needs to the community. The problem is, how human resources (employees) are able to meet the expectations that have been set based on the vision and mission of an institution, organization or company, from this problem it seems that there needs to be a balance between company orientation. which will be directed at the performance that must be expressed by employees in realizing optimal organizational development. In this article, the research used is qualitative descriptive research, so it uses phenomena in which there are interview points. The phenomenon used as a reference is development, education and training as well as employee performance skills. This phenomenon is then used as a reference to determine the efforts made by institutions, organizations and companies to improve employee human resource capabilities. Based on the results of interviews that have been conducted, it can be seen that in improving the quality of human resources, the role of education and training is very necessary, especially after trainees have attended training, because to know employee development, continuous evaluation is needed to monitor progress. Education and training are very necessary in order to improve the abilities, professionalism and discipline of employees which are then used as the driving force for achieving the company's vision and mission.

Clandys Grosir, has a human resource management system plays an important role in improving employee performance. In addition, the human resource management function indicates the extent to which workers are able to complete tasks and have the necessary skills on the fields listed in Clandys Grosir. Respondents at Clandys Grosir Sejahtera numbered thirty people. Quantitative descriptive methods were used in this study to measure the impact of one variable on another. Based on the results of research analysis using IBM SPSS 23, it can be seen that there is a strong relationship between employee performance and human resource development variables. The results of these data include validity and reliability tests, simple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis tests. In addition, the test results of this study show that factors related to human resource development have a positive and significant influence on employee performance.

This research aims to describe the management of early childhood education at RA Annur Babalan. This research uses a qualitative approach and is descriptive in nature. The selection of research subjects was carried out using purposive sampling technique. Research subjects are managers, educators, students and parents. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Checking the validity of the data is carried out through diligent observation, participation and adequacy of references. The research results show that the RA Annur Babalan management program has been prepared in accordance with the institution's vision and mission by carrying out management functions including; implementation, supervision and guidance. Managers as leaders in carrying out management functions place great emphasis on cooperation based on sincerity, enthusiasm and high loyalty. Planning is carried out with strategic planning, preparing learning plans ranging from yearly, semester, monthly, weekly to daily. Organizing is carried out by coordinating tasks, opportunities, experiences and insights with open communication, holding regular meetings to discuss efforts to improve performance. Supervision is carried out by direct observation, through supervision, regular meetings with educators. Collaboration ends with parents, through monthly meetings (parenting), and partners related to RA. Assessment and evaluation is carried out by giving assignments, observations, daily notes, anecdotes, performance, work results and educational visits.

Palembang Songket Cloth is one of the cultural works of South Sumatra which is included in the list of Indonesian Intangible Cultural Heritage. As the era of songket cloth has developed into a profitable business opportunity, and marketing strategy is the most important factor in business because this is what determines everything, the increasing competition in the business world means that all business actors must be able to think creatively and innovatively to attract consumer interest. Therefore, the author is looking for marketing strategies for songket cloth in South Sumatra, one of which is located at Griya Kain Tuan Kentang, Jakabaring District, Palembang City. Based on the results of Griya Kain Tuan Kentang Palembang's research in the field directly with the people involved as well as observing aspects of the product, location, advertising, price, process, physical evidence, it can be concluded that it is functioning or running well. And the author suggests that Griya Kain Tuan Kentang needs to innovate or initiate so that it is more widely known by consumers, for example participating in events such as exhibitions and markets.

The solutions for the problem of less optimal strategy implementation in BBI Sukamaju need to be found, and as the first step, efforts are needed to evaluate the chosen strategy, to review and to re-evaluate the situations (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and business threats), and also to update the formulated strategy so that it suits the developments of the external environment in order to support the efforts of function development of Balai Benih Ikan (BBI) on Dinas Peternakan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Ciamis at Supplying of Quality Fish Seeds in Ciamis Regency. This study explains the steps for choosing the right strategy based on the Routweer concept approach by comparing the performance of the strategy before the new strategy is introduced, which is the development strategy or known by the name Restructurisation. By using a semi-structured interview method, SWOT analysis and QSPM, there will be found an effective strategy that can help achieve the organization’s objectives effectively and efficiently to support the vision, mission and the goals of regional development. From this research, based on QSPM calculation results, it can be concluded that the strategy improves coordination with various work partners (7,8), increases the partnership with UPR to increase the seed production, increases the cooperation with universities, research institutes and other partners (6,25), and becomes a priority strategy.