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Female-headed households (PEKKA) in rural areas represent a vulnerable group that often faces structural barriers in accessing their social and economic rights, particularly in relation to Cash Transfer Assistance (BLT) policies. The urgency of this study stems from the persistent gap between policy implementation and the specific needs of PEKKA. This research aims to examine the forms of legal protection and economic access available to PEKKA in several villages in Central Java through the BLT scheme. Utilizing a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis, and analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods. The findings reveal that administrative obstacles, social stigma, and the lack of gender-sensitive approaches are key factors hindering the fulfillment of PEKKA’s rights. Although formal policies exist, their implementation at the local level remains unresponsive and fails to address structural inequalities. This study contributes to the development of socially just and gender-equitable policy frameworks at the village level. It concludes that reformulating inclusive and advocacy-based social policies for PEKKA is essential, alongside further research exploring transformative legal approaches and sustainable economic empowerment.

This study conducts a juridical analysis of the strengthening of women's civil and economic rights in Indonesian civil law, based on the 4th Astacita principle of women's empowerment. The study identifies and analyzes inequalities in women's access to civil rights, such as inheritance rights, property ownership, and social security. Although the national legal framework has recognized the principle of gender equality, its implementation still faces significant challenges due to the strong patriarchal culture and women's limited access to legal justice. Therefore, this study emphasizes the urgency of gender-responsive legal reforms and increased women's participation in the legislative process to realize substantive equality and justice.

This study aims to examine the role of law in poverty eradication in Indonesia through the analysis of regulations and implementation of government programs. With a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature studies, this study explores the effectiveness of books as an instrument of public policy. The findings show that the law has not functioned optimally as a tool for social transformation, tends to be administrative and not yet adaptive to the dynamics of poverty. Case studies in several regions such as Malang, Trenggalek, and Aceh Tamiang highlight weak coordination, data validation, and community participation. The main obstacles include limited local regulations, inaccurate targeting of assistance, and minimal legal-based supervision. Therefore, proactive, participatory, and contextual legal reform is needed so that poverty alleviation policies truly side with vulnerable groups. The law must be present not only as a norm, but as a structural force that guarantees distributive justice and social empowerment.