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The purpose of this study is to analyze the settlement of criminal cases on the liability of parents for negligence that results in minors becoming perpetrators of traffic accidents. This type of research is normative legal research with a statutory approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis used in this study is a descriptive analysis. has not explicitly regulated the criminal liability of parents for accidents committed by children, although Civil Code Article 1367 has provided a basis for civil liability, and the new Criminal Code through Article 37 opens up opportunities for the application of the principle of vicarious liability. This study recommends the need to reconstruct the Indonesian criminal law regulation which explicitly establishes a model of parental criminal responsibility based on the principle of vicarious liability and the principle of Radbruch legal certainty, without overriding the principle of child protection in the SPPA Law.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the legal status of narcotics abusers after the hand-holding operation. This type of research is normative legal research with a legislative approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis used in this study is qualitative data analysis through the management of legal materials in a deductive way. Based on the research, the results of the research were obtained that in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, it is stated that after the arrest operation or after the seizure, within a minimum of 3 x 24 hours an evidence test must be carried out to ensure the narcotic content found, then this can have implications for the legal status of a person arrested in the arrest operation. A person caught in a narcotics case can have several possible legal statuses, including; as an arrested witness, if he is only at the scene of the incident without direct evidence of his involvement; as a suspect, if there is preliminary evidence that he possesses or uses narcotics; as a person without legal status who is temporarily detained, if his status is still waiting for the results of laboratory tests of evidence. Therefore, it is necessary to update regulations through the revision of the Narcotics Law which must contain clear time limits on how a person who is caught must be treated before the results of the evidence test come out..

This study discusses law enforcement against corruption crimes that occur in the process of providing People's Business Credit (KUR) facilities at the BRI Bone Pantai Unit as well as the form of criminal responsibility from the management of the banks involved. Through a normative-empirical approach, this study illustrates the weak internal supervision system of banks and the inefficiency of coordination between law enforcement that causes state losses of billions of rupiah. The findings show that the modus operandi in the form of data engineering and abuse of authority is carried out by bank employees in collaboration with external parties. The law enforcement carried out has not touched the structural roots of the weaknesses of the banking system and business ethics in the distribution of KUR. In the context of Lawrence M. Friedman's theory of legal systems, aspects of the structure, substance, and culture of the law show a failure to guarantee accountability and prevention. Therefore, the reconstruction of law enforcement needs to involve systemic improvements, the strengthening of management's criminal responsibility, and the strengthening of the capacity of the bank's internal supervisory institutions so that public trust in the KUR program can be restored.

This study aims to analyze the Reconstruction of Contempt of Court Regulations  in Indonesia. Contempt of court is defined as an act of contempt against the judiciary. In Indonesia, the meaning of contempt of court is only interpreted narrowly so that it is considered less inclusive of all judicial organizers. This type of research is normative legal research with a legislative, conceptual, comparative and case approach. The results of the study are that the position of the contempt of court regulation in Indonesia has been contained in a chapter in the latest Criminal Code, but its application has not been supported by formal procedures. The meaning of contempt of court in Indonesia is only interpreted narrowly, this can be seen in the latest Padal 281 of the Criminal Code which only seems to protect judges, the contempt of court regulation should  also protect all judicial organizers who are directly involved in a judicial process, namely the prosecutor, legal representatives, victims, witnesses, and all trial participants. Next, contempt of court in Indonesia also only accommodates criminal contempt and sets aside civil contempt so that there is no deterrent effect for people, officials and others who do not comply with judicial decisions. Therefore, there is a need for special arrangements related to contempt of court in Indonesia that regulate crimes (criminal contempt) and non-compliance with court orders (civil contempt).

This research examines the reconstruction of Article 4 of the Corruption Crime Law regarding the return of state financial losses through a progressive legal approach. This research uses sociological normative legal research methods with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results show that the provision of Article 4 which states that the return of state financial losses does not eliminate punishment needs to be recon-structed to accommodate the principles of restorative justice and legal incentives for perpetrators who voluntarily return state losses. The reconstruction does not completely eliminate punishment, but provides different treatment based on the level of cooperation of the perpetrator. For corruption cases with relatively small state losses, a restorative justice approach is more appropriate considering that case handling costs are often greater than the value of losses. This research recommends reformulating Article 4 to provide op-portunities for administrative settlement within a certain timeframe before proceeding to criminal pro-ceedings.