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This study aims to analyze the consumptive culture of students in following trends using Karl Marx’s social class theory perspective. The phenomenon of consumptive behavior among students is no longer based on rational needs but is influenced by social, economic, and digital technological developments. This research uses a qualitative approach with a library research method by collecting and analyzing various relevant literature sources. The findings indicate that students’ consumptive behavior is part of modern capitalism mechanisms that shape consumption patterns through class relations, digital media, and social identity construction. From Marx’s perspective, consumption functions as a tool for reproducing the capitalist system that maintains social inequality, while Herbert Marcuse’s perspective reinforces that modern consumption is driven by “false needs” constructed through media and industry. In addition, factors such as family socioeconomic status, social environment, digital media, and the need for social recognition also strengthen students’ consumptive behavior. Therefore, student consumptive culture can be understood as a multidimensional phenomenon resulting from the interaction between economic, social, and ideological structures in modern society.

Consumerism is an increasingly dominant phenomenon in modern society along with the development of capitalism, globalization, and information technology. Society's consumption patterns have shifted from being primarily oriented toward fulfilling needs to fulfilling symbolic desires. In this context, Jean Baudrillard's thinking is relevant in explaining that consumption is no longer based on use value, but rather on the sign value inherent in a commodity. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of consumerism in modern society through Jean Baudrillard's critical perspective and to uncover its social implications. The research method used is a qualitative approach with library research, which examines various scientific literature, books, and journals related to consumerism and simulation theory. The results show that consumerism has created a pseudo-reality (simulacra), where individuals consume based on symbolic impulses shaped by the media, advertising, and popular culture. Consumption becomes a means to construct self-identity and gain social recognition, thus encouraging excessive consumer behavior. Furthermore, this phenomenon also results in social alienation, identity crises, and dependence on the global capitalist system. Thus, consumerism is not only an economic activity but also a complex socio-cultural phenomenon. Therefore, critical awareness is needed so that society can be more rational and selective in its consumption practices

The development of social media has brought significant changes in how individuals perceive themselves, especially among female university students who are in the stage of identity formation. Social media is not only used as a communication tool but also as a space that presents homogeneous beauty standards which can influence self-perception. This study aims to analyze the construction of beauty standards on social media and their impact on female students’ self-perception. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method by analyzing 20  relevant academic articles published between 2020 and 2025. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative techniques, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that beauty standards on social media are constructed through repeated visual representations and reinforced by algorithmic systems, creating an idealized image of beauty. This condition encourages female students to engage in social comparison, leading to self-dissatisfaction and decreased self-confidence. However, these effects vary depending on individuals’ ability to filter and interpret information. This study highlights the importance of developing critical awareness in social media use to avoid being influenced by unrealistic beauty standards.

This study aims to analyze the representation of culture and myth in the film "KKN di Desa Penari" (Community Service in Dancer Village) using Jean Baudrillard's hyperreality perspective. This film's phenomenon is not merely entertainment but also demonstrates the blurring of the boundaries between reality and fiction in modern society. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach through a search of scientific sources from 2022–2025. The results show that the representation of culture and myth in film has undergone a transformation into simulacra, a form of representation that no longer reflects reality but instead replaces it. Mystical elements in film tend to be constructed as aesthetic and dramatic visual elements, thus shifting sacred meanings to mere entertainment. Furthermore, the incorporation of magical realism reinforces the experience of hyperreality, making it difficult for viewers to distinguish between fact and fiction. The role of mass media and social media also reinforces this process through the collective production and reproduction of meaning. This study also found a tendency towards stereotypical gender representation, particularly in the depiction of female characters. Thus, the media not only represents reality but also plays an active role in shaping and even replacing social reality in society.

This study examines the reproduction of social inequality in education through the theoretical framework of Pierre Bourdieu within a critical sociology perspective. The background of this research is rooted in the persistent gap in educational access, participation, and achievement among students from different social classes, which indicates that education does not always function as a tool for social mobility. The objective of this study is to analyze how mechanisms such as habitus, cultural capital, social capital, and the educational field contribute to sustaining inequality. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis within an educational setting characterized by diverse socio-economic backgrounds. The findings reveal that students from higher socio-economic backgrounds tend to possess dominant cultural capital and habitus that align with institutional expectations, giving them a significant advantage in academic achievement. Conversely, students from lower socio-economic backgrounds face structural and symbolic barriers that limit their opportunities. The study also finds that educational practices, including teaching methods and evaluation systems, implicitly favor certain groups, thereby reinforcing inequality. The implications of this research highlight the need for more inclusive educational policies and practices that recognize diverse forms of capital and promote equal opportunities for all students. Ultimately, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how education functions as a site of social reproduction rather than merely a neutral institution.  

This study aims to analyze public concerns regarding fast food consumption from the perspective of risk society, particularly among university students. The increasing consumption of fast food reflects shifts in consumption patterns influenced by globalization, practicality, and time efficiency. This research employs a qualitative approach through a literature review supported by interview data to strengthen the analysis. The findings reveal that fast food consumption is not solely driven by biological needs but also by practical, emotional, and social factors. Although students demonstrate a relatively high awareness of health risks associated with fast food, their consumption behavior persists as an adaptive response to structural conditions such as time constraints, accessibility, and academic pressures. From the perspective of risk society, this phenomenon illustrates a contradiction between risk awareness and everyday consumption practices. Risks produced by modernity are not entirely avoided but are negotiated and normalized in daily life. Therefore, fast food consumption cannot be understood merely as an individual choice but as a result of the interaction between structural factors, consumer culture, and social construction within modern society.

Flooding in Aceh has become a recurring phenomenon that cannot be understood solely as a natural disaster but also as a result of human activities within modern society. This study aims to analyze flooding in Aceh through the perspective of Ulrich Beck’s risk society theory, focusing on how modernization, environmental change, and development policies contribute to the production of risk. This research uses a literature review approach by examining scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026 from indexed national and international journals. The analysis was conducted thematically to identify patterns, similarities, and research gaps. The findings show that natural factors such as high rainfall and atmospheric conditions act as primary triggers, while human activities including land-use change, river sedimentation, and ineffective policies significantly intensify flood risks. Flooding is therefore categorized as a manufactured risk produced by modern development processes. In addition, the impacts are not limited to ecological damage but also affect social and psychological conditions of society. These results indicate that floods should be understood not only from a technical perspective but also from a social perspective. The study implies that flood management requires a comprehensive approach integrating environmental sustainability, social awareness, and evidence-based policy to reduce both the impact and sources of risk in a sustainable manner.

The dual role of women in family economics is a phenomenon shaped by the interplay of economic pressure and social construction within patriarchal society. This study aims to examine the dual role of women in family economics through Judith Butler's gender performativity perspective. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative data analysis approach, drawing on scientific sources published between 2020 and 2026. The findings indicate that women not only carry out domestic roles as housewives but are also actively involved in the public sphere to meet family economic needs. This condition gives rise to a double burden that affects physical exhaustion and psychological pressure. Within Butler's theoretical framework, the dual role is understood not as something natural, but as a product of social norms reproduced through repeated practices in everyday life. Nevertheless, women's participation in the public sphere has been shown to open spaces for increased independence and negotiation of gender relations within the family. This study underscores the importance of critical understanding of gender construction in order to achieve a fair and equal division of labor.

Flood disasters have repeatedly affected Aceh Tamiang Regency for over fifteen years, causing significant material and socio-cultural losses. This study aims to examine the social response of the community through a literature review approach, using Jurgen Habermas's Communicative Action Theory as the analytical framework. Data were collected systematically from national journal articles, scientific proceedings, and academic reports related to flood mitigation and community social response in Aceh Tamiang. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis and thematic analysis techniques. The findings reveal that the community's response is primarily driven by local solidarity rooted in cultural values and local wisdom such as hadih maja. In Habermasian terms, this social response reflects the lifeworld domain, manifesting in voluntary collective action. However, a structural tension exists between the government's top-down system and the community's communicative rationality. Effective disaster mitigation requires the development of participatory public spaces that bridge the system and lifeworld, enabling the transformation from instrumental action to communicative action, thereby strengthening collective resilience against flood disasters.

The development of social media in the digital era has significantly changed children’s social interaction patterns. Besides providing benefits such as easier access to information and opportunities for creativity, social media also brings negative impacts on children’s psychological, social, and moral development. This study aims to analyze the restriction of social media use among children from the perspective of Jürgen Habermas, especially regarding the concepts of the public sphere, communicative rationality, and the colonization of the lifeworld. This research uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach through the collection and analysis of relevant scientific articles. Data validity was strengthened through inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as source triangulation. The findings indicate that social media use among children has an ambivalent impact. Positive effects can emerge when there is strong parental supervision, while weak supervision increases the risk of exposure to harmful content, psychological problems, and reduced quality of social interaction. Restricting social media use through time regulation, content control, and digital education is considered important for protecting children’s development. From Habermas’s perspective, children are vulnerable in the digital public sphere because of their limited communicative rationality. Therefore, restrictions are viewed as efforts to protect children’s values and rationality from distortion by the digital media system.