Model Kemitraan Gaduhan Usaha Sapi Potong Rakyat dan Dampaknya terhadap Pendapatan Peternak di Kabupaten Semarang

Semarang Regency, one of the regions in Central Java, Indonesia, possesses considerable potential for the development of smallholder beef cattle farming. One strategy to support the growth of this sector is through partnership arrangements, particularly the gaduhan (cattle-sharing) system, which is widely practiced among smallholder farmers. This study aimed to analyze the gaduhan partnership model in smallholder beef cattle farming and its impact on farmers’ income in Semarang Regency. The research was conducted in August 2025 in Banyubiru and Pabelan Districts using a purposive sampling method involving 30 beef cattle farmers. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, with farm scale, farming experience, gaduhan partnership system, production costs, and livestock productivity as independent variables, and farmers’ income as the dependent variable. The results revealed that all independent variables jointly had a significant effect on farmers’ income, as indicated by an F-value of 132.412 and a significance level of 0.000. Partially, farm scale, the gaduhan partnership system, production costs, and livestock productivity significantly affected farmers’ income, whereas farming experience had no significant effect. The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.883, indicating that 88.3% of the variation in farmers’ income could be explained by the model. The gaduhan partnership model in smallholder beef cattle farming in Semarang Regency is characterized by the influence of farm scale, farming experience, partnership arrangements, production costs, and livestock productivity on farmers’ income. The average income generated under the gaduhan partnership system was IDR 11,400,000, with a profit-sharing ratio of 60:40 between the livestock owner and the farmer.