Analysis of Nutritional Intake and Economic Status as Risk Factors for Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Pregnant Women at Patilanggio Community Health Center

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia and contributes to various maternal and neonatal complications. CED reflects a long-term energy and macronutrient deficit, often influenced by inadequate nutritional intake and socioeconomic limitations. This study aims to analyze nutritional intake and economic status as risk factors for Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women in the Patilanggio Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area. This study used a quantitative observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 30 pregnant women selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews using a respondent characteristics questionnaire and food recall to assess energy and protein intake, as well as Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) measurements to determine CED status. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and cross-descriptively. The results showed that all respondents had energy and protein intakes below 90% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and all were categorized as CED based on the MUAC measurement. All respondents were also categorized as low economic status, reflecting a homogeneous socioeconomic condition. These findings indicate that CED in pregnant women at the study site is associated with inadequate nutritional intake and limited economic status. In conclusion, CED in pregnant women is a chronic nutritional problem influenced by nutritional and socioeconomic factors, necessitating comprehensive prevention and treatment efforts based on primary health care services.