The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader
Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi 📅 2025 Vol 3, No 2 🔗 DOI: 10.61132/anggaran.v3i2.1422
Abstract
This study diagnoses obstacles to transitioning to a circular economy in Iraq and analyzes opportunities for sustainable economic development. It employs a comprehensive descriptive analysis of economic, social, and environmental data related to the circular economy in Iraq. The findings reveal a decline in per capita economic growth in Iraq, dropping from 10.8% in 2016 to 4.3% in 2022, with some years experiencing negative growth. This decline stems from the economy's heavy reliance on the oil sector, which accounts for 61.1% of GDP, and insufficient infrastructure for clean production models and resource recycling. The study recommends effective government strategies to diversify away from oil dependence by developing sustainable agriculture, green industries, and eco-tourism. It stresses the need to invest in waste recycling and renewable energy projects and to offer tax incentives for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Additionally, it concludes that collaboration with developed countries and international organizations could accelerate Iraq's transition to a circular economy, enhancing economic sustainability and improving living standards.
Keywords
Circular-Economy; Sustainable-Development; Recycling; Economic-Sustainability
How to Cite

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader (2025). The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development. Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.61132/anggaran.v3i2.1422

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader, "The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development," Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, vol. 3, no. 2, 2025.

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader. "The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development." Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, vol. 3, no. 2, 2025.

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader. "The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development." Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi 3, no. 2 (2025).

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader (2025) 'The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development', Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, 3(2). doi: 10.61132/anggaran.v3i2.1422.

Nadia Mahdi Abdel Qader. The Circular Economy in Iraq : Obstacles of Transition and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development. Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi. 2025;3(2).

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