The Role of BPJS Kesehatan in Improving Health Access Equity in Indonesia

The implementation of BPJS Kesehatan has shown a significant increase in membership coverage. However, this achievement does not yet fully reflect success in realizing equitable access to healthcare services, as various challenges in healthcare delivery are still present. This study aims to describe the role of BPJS Kesehatan in improving health access equity in Indonesia.This literature review utilized the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, with literature searches conducted through databases such as PubMed, Europe PMC, and Science Direct for the period 2020–2024. The keywords used were “Impact,” “Indonesia Social Health Insurance,” “BPJS Kesehatan,” and “Health Access Equity.” Articles were filtered based on relevance to the title, abstract, and full text, resulting in 11 articles considered relevant to the topic.Based on the literature review, BPJS Kesehatan has reached a large portion of the Indonesian population in terms of membership coverage. However, this has not yet reflected in equitable access to healthcare services for all, as barriers such as uneven healthcare infrastructure and a lack of understanding about the proper use of BPJS still exist.While BPJS Kesehatan’s membership coverage is relatively high, it does not guarantee equal and fair access to healthcare services across the population, as disparities in access remain.