Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine

Surjadi ; Eko ; Wijoyo ; Wijoyo ; Septiawan ; Diama Rizky
International Journal Science and Technology (IJST... 📅 2025 Vol 4, No 3 🔗 DOI: 10.56127/ijst.v4i3.2347
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship and comparison of motor performance based on different fuel injector angles in a fuel injection system, and to identify the optimal injector angle for improved engine performance. Fuel injection is a control technology that regulates the air–fuel mixture entering the combustion chamber with speed, precision, and proportional balance. An experimental method was employed using a 2020 motorcycle with a 108 cc engine. The tests conducted included torque, power, and exhaust emission measurements. Torque and power were measured using a dynamometer, while exhaust emissions were analyzed with a gas analyzer. The study compared injector mounting angles of 60°, 70°, and 80°. Results showed that torque increased significantly from low engine speeds (around 3000 rpm) and peaked between 3500–3750 rpm before gradually declining. Among the tested angles, the 80° injector position produced the highest torque across most speed ranges, reaching approximately 15 Nm at 3500 rpm. The 70° angle yielded moderate performance, while the 60° angle demonstrated the lowest torque, especially at medium to high speeds. Overall, the study found that increasing the injector angle enhances torque and power output, with average increases of 6.1% in power and 6.4% in torque.
Keywords
Angle; fuel injector; power; torque; exhaust emission
How to Cite

Surjadi, et al. (2025). Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine. International Journal Science and Technology (IJST), 4(3). https://doi.org/10.56127/ijst.v4i3.2347

Surjadi, Eko; Wijoyo, Wijoyo; Septiawan, Diama Rizky, "Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine," International Journal Science and Technology (IJST), vol. 4, no. 3, 2025.

Surjadi, Eko; Wijoyo, Wijoyo; Septiawan, Diama Rizky. "Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine." International Journal Science and Technology (IJST), vol. 4, no. 3, 2025.

Surjadi, Eko; Wijoyo, Wijoyo; Septiawan, Diama Rizky. "Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine." International Journal Science and Technology (IJST) 4, no. 3 (2025).

Surjadi, et al. (2025) 'Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine', International Journal Science and Technology (IJST), 4(3). doi: 10.56127/ijst.v4i3.2347.

Surjadi, Eko; Wijoyo, Wijoyo; Septiawan, Diama Rizky. Effects of Fuel Injector Seat Angle on Power, Torque, and Exhaust Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine. International Journal Science and Technology (IJST). 2025;4(3).

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